AUDI (D)1910 to date GNG (1) Audi Automobilwerke GmbH, Zwickau/Sachsen 1910-1939 (2) Auto Union GmbH, Ingolstadt 1965 to date After leaving the firm A. Horch (see Horch), which he had founded, August Horch started a new company in 1909 which he at first named August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH, also in Zwickau. He was not allowed to use his own name for the new company, however, so he chose the name `Audi' which is the latinized form of Horch. The first Audi was the B 10/28PS with a 2,612cc engine which appeared in 1910, and was an immediate success. In the Austrian Alpine Trials in 1911 Horch himself drove one of these cars without incurring any penalty points. He was also successful with the same type in the same event in 1912. In 1912 the Type C 14/35PS appeared. In a short-wheelbase version, it became a very well-known competition car and was called the Alpensieger because of its successes in the Austrian Alpine Trials of 1913 and 1914. Other pre-World War 1 models were the D 18/45PS and the E22/50PS. After the war the G 8/28PS appeared as a new model and types C, D and E were carried on. The 1922 ohv type K succeeded the C, the 3.5-litre engine developing 50bhp. With the type M 18/70PS ohc 6-cylinder of 1924 Audi started a range of 6- and 8-cylinder cars. The 1928 type R or Imperator 8-cylinder model with a 4,872cc 100bhp engine was the last true Audi; all the following models were to some extent assembled cars. J.S. Rasmussen (see D.K.W.) became the main shareholder of Audi in 1928. He had acquired Rtckenbacker machinery lines from the U.S.A. and Rickenbacker engines were fitted to the Zwickau (8-cylinder 4371cc and 5130cc) and Dresden (6-cylinder 3838cc) models. In 1931 a small Audi with 4-cylinder 1.1-litre Peugeot engine and D.K.W. chassis appeared. In 1932 Audi became a member of the Auto Union together with Wanderer, Horch and D.K.W. Two front-driven models (UW and 225) followed with 6-cylinder Wanderer engines. The last pre-war Audi was the type 920, rear-driven again and with 6-cylinder 3281cc engine. The Audi factory and the other Auto Union production plants were nationalized in 1945. The Auto Union was re-established in Dusseldorf in 1949. In 1956 Mercedes-Benz became the main shareholder, but in 1964 the Volkswagen works obtained a majority. 1965 saw the resumption of the name `Audi'. A 1.7-litre fwd model with a 4-cylinder, 4-stroke high compression engine appeared. The engine was developed by Mercedes-Benz, while the body was based on the D.K.W. F 102.